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Problems in the culture system: Troubleshooting
•Workinginvitro(literally"inglass̏ )meansthatstressors can be present in the culture system, which are not evident with the lumen of the female reproductive tract
Transient temperature shifts as gametes and embryos are manuplated
Changes to the levels of CO2 and hence in pH when embryos are taken in and out of the incubator
Potential physical stress; vigorous pipetting Atmospheric O2
Accumulation of ammonium from AA
• Interaction of stressors creating greater negative synergy
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