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Cardiovascular effects of hyperinsulinemia and insulin‐resistance
Hyperinsulinemia
Insulin‐resistance Direct endothelium damage
- National High Blood Pressure Education Program 2000 Working group report on high blood pressure in pregnancy. Bethesda: NIH; NIH publication
- Seely W, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003
‐ increased renal sodium reabsorption
‐ stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
‐ vasoconstriction,
‐ hypertension,
‐ loss of the usual pregnancy associated refractoriness to pressor effects of angiotensin II, ‐ increased platelet aggregation,
‐ proteinuria
Obesity per se negatively affects pregnancy outcomes
up to 60% of women with PCOS are overweight or obese from pooled meta‐analyses data
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