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Enhanced female immune response to vaccines
• Vaccination against influenza, yellow fever, rubella, measles, mumps, hepatitis A and B, herpes simplex 2, rabies, smallpox and dengue viruses, protective antibody responses can be twice as high in females compared to males of all ages.1
• Measures of cell-mediated immunity following vaccination are also higher in adult females than males for some vaccines. Females develop more frequent and severe adverse reactions, including fever, pain and inflammation to vaccines.
Pregnant women do suffer increased incidence of infections during pregnancy? Lessons from Listeria
Listeriosis is a rare infection, 20 times more common in pregant women than in the population. Pregnant women account for 27% of all listerial infections, which cuases mild illness in mothers but can be devastating to the fetus.
Fetal consequences bring more women with Listeriosis to be recorded.
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