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ASRM PAGES
The following interventions have been shown not to be beneficial for improving pregnancy rates:
Acupuncture
Analgesics, massage, general anesthesia, whole systems–
traditional Chinese medicine
Prophylactic antibiotics to improve embryo transfer
outcomes
Waiting after expulsion of embryos for any specific period
of time before withdrawing the embryo transfer catheter
CONCLUSIONS
A systematic review of the literature allowed the development of this guideline for standardization of the embryo transfer process. Many, but not all, of the current techniques employed are supported by the literature as evidenced by the recommen- dations made above. For other techniques used to enhance pregnancy rates during the embryo transfer, such as TEAS, more studies are needed. In designing the ASRM embryo transfer protocol, data from the survey of medical directors helped determine the most commonly used technique when the literature did not inform an outcome-based recommendation.
Acknowledgments: This report was developed under the direction of the Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine as a service to its members and other practicing clinicians. Although this document reflects appropriate management of a problem encountered in the practice of reproductive medicine, it is not intended to be the only approved standard of practice or to dictate an exclu- sive course of treatment. Other plans of management may be appropriate, taking into account the needs of the individual patient, available resources, and institutional or clinical prac- tice limitations. The Practice Committee and the Board of Di- rectors of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine have approved this report.
This document was reviewed by ASRM members and their input was considered in the preparation of the final docu- ment. The Practice Committee acknowledges the special contribution of Kristen Bendikson, M.D.; David Frankfurter, M.D.; Alan Penzias, M.D.; Richard Reindollar, M.D.; John Schnorr, M.D.; Thomas Toth, M.D.; Eric Widra, M.D.; Carla Stec, M.A in the preparation of this document. The following members of the ASRM Practice Committee participated in the development of this document. All Committee members dis- closed commercial and financial relationships with manufac- turers or distributors of goods or services used to treat patients. Members of the Committee who were found to have conflicts of interest based on the relationships disclosed did not participate in the discussion or development of this document.
Alan Penzias, M.D.; Kristin Bendikson, M.D.; Samantha Butts, M.D., M.S.C.E.; Christos Coutifaris, M.D.; Tommaso Falcone, M.D.; Gregory Fossum, M.D.; Susan Gitlin, Ph.D.; Clarisa Gracia, M.D., MSCE; Karl Hansen, M.D., Ph.D.; An- drew La Barbera, Ph.D.; Jennifer Mersereau, M.D.; Randall Odem, M.D.; Richard Paulson, M.D.; Samantha Pfeifer,
M.D.; Margareta Pisarska, M.D.; Robert Rebar, M.D.; Richard Reindollar, M.D.; Mitchell Rosen, M.D.; Jay Sandlow, M.D.; Michael Vernon, Ph.D.
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