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Questions to be answered
Does human sperm RNA profile reflect the metabolic status of men, can it be inherited via sperm RNAs?
How sperm RNA profile is generated?
How the signal from the periphery is translated into modified sperm RNA profile?
Can we reverse the changes in sperm RNA profile by interventions?
CONCLUSIONS
1. Differentiating male germ cells have dynamic gene expression patterns and widespread genome transcription. Accurate RNA regulation and RNA quality control is critical for the maintenance of normal spermatogenesis.
2. Functional miRNA and piRNA pathways are required for spermatogenesis.
3. piRNAs are expressed in high quantities during spermatogenesis, and they have important functions in the transposon silencing and in the degradation of meiotic/postmeiotic mRNAs and lncRNAs.
4. Cytoplasmic germ granules accumulate two important RNA regulatory pathways, (piRNA- and NMD pathways), and have important roles in the cytoplasmic RNA regulation.
5. Acquired disorders can be epigenetically transmitted to next generations. Sperm non- coding RNAs can mediate the paternal epigenetic inheritance.
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