Page 30 - PRECONGRESS COURSE 04

2 WOI: search for novel markers
2.1. Early studies (histological): pinopods
Pregnancy rate and pinopods
High pinopod number (50 % of endometrial surface)  high pregnancy rate Moderatepinopodnumbers(20–50%) intermediatepregnancyrate
(lower than 50 %) Low pinopod number (<20 %) no pregnancy
DISADVANTAGES:
Nikas and Aghajanova 2002
Invasive biopsy needed
Biopsies reflect small part of the surface
Best way to analyse pinopods is Electron Microscopy
Measuring and enhancing endometrial receptivity to improve pregnancy outcomes
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2 WOI: search for novel markers
2.2. Early studies biochemical & molecular markers
• ERS1 and PGR decline in epithelial cells and persist in stroma cells
• Molecules present during the mid-secretory and association with the WOI are:
- integrins: tansmembrane glycoproteins involved in cell-to-cell & cell-to-ECM contacts.
- α1β1, α4β1, and αvβ3 correlate with WOI and αvβ3 localises on pinopods - leukemia inhibitory factor
- homeobox A10
- calcitonin
- cyclo-oxygenase 2
- mucin 1: glycoprotein secreted by epithelial and highest in WOI
- OPN (secreted phosphoprotein 1). Binds to integrins αvβ3.
- Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF)blastocysts interaction (?) - .....
none has found a place in the clinical setting
Ruiz-Alonso et al., 2013; Cheong et al. 2013; Measuring and enhancing endometrial
Mahajan 2015; Casper et al. 2016; receptivity to improve pregnancy outcomes 10 Su et al. 2015; Robertshaw, et al. 2016
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