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Summary: Normal Endometrial Function
• Pivotal reproductive events in which the endometrium plays a major role are implantation, and in the absence of pregnancy, menstruation.
• Processes are regulated by steroids (E,P) and interactions with cognate receptors (ER,PR). Subsequent cascade of downstream events involves endocrine, vascular and immune systems.
• PR plays essential role in uterine physiology and reproduction.
• Ligands that target the PR (LNG; SPRMs) have utility in women’s health.
• SPRMs impact upon endometrial morphology
• A detailed knowledge of steroid regulation of endometrial function is essential for understanding of how disturbances of endometrial structure and function may play a role in problematic implantation and menstrual bleeding complaints.
Bibliography (1)
• Chabbert-Buffet N, et al. Selective progesterone receptor modulators and progesterone antagonists: mechanisms of action and clinical applications. Hum Reprod Update. 2005 May-Jun;11(3):293-307.
• Chwalisz K, et al. Selective progesterone receptor modulator development and use in the treatment of leiomyomata and endometriosis. Endocr Rev. 2005 May;26(3):423-38.
• Critchley HO, et al.The endocrinology of menstruation--a role for the immune system. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2001;55(6):701-10.
• GGargett CE, et al. Endometrial stem/progenitor cells: the first 10 years. Hum Reprod Update. 2016;22(2):137-63.
• Garry R, et al. A re-appraisal of the morphological changes within the endometrium during menstruation: a hysteroscopic, histological and scanning electron microscopic study. Hum Reprod. 2009;24(6):1393-401.
• uttinger A, Critchley HO. Endometrial effects of intrauterine levonorgestrel. Contraception. 2007 Jun;75(6 Suppl):S93-8.
• Henderson TA, et al. Steroid receptor expression in uterine natural killer cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(1):440-9.
• Jabbour HN, et al. Endocrine regulation of menstruation. Endocr Rev. 2006;27(1):17-46.
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