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If men have high sDF what to do next?
– pharmacological treatment (antixodants, FSH)? No conclusive evidence so far for a benefit on sDF or ART outcomes
– select the most appropriate ART treatment? Use of testicular sperm for ICSI (Esteves et al 2015)? Promising evidence but not conclusive, need further studies.
Take home message
• Sperm DNA fragmentation is a reproductive problem
• Several methods to detect this damage but:
‐ these methods are poorly standardized
‐ they detect different types of damage
‐ need to establish a gold‐standard technique for each reproductive outcome
• Establish correct strategies to prepare sperm for ARTs to avoid iatrogenic damage
• There are patients who may benefit for SDF evaluation but: what to do next?
• Need to find/develop effective therapies
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